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A2 Language LearningAug 27, 2016

Perfect English! - Speak faster and more naturally with connected speech

完璧な英語！ - 連結発音でより速く、より自然に話そう

Learn English with Papa Teach Me45 videos Open on YouTube

Transcript

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Translation

What's connected speech?
連結発話（コネクテッド・スピーチ）とは何でしょう？
Well, it's the difference between sounding like a robot or sounding like a native speaker.
まあ、それはロボットのように聞こえるか、ネイティブスピーカーのように聞こえるかの違いです。
Why should you learn it?
なぜ学ぶべきなのでしょうか？
Connected speech is very important if you want to understand spoken English better, especially if you're going to do an English exam like IELTS, TOEFL, TOEIC, the Cambridge exams.
話し言葉の英語をもっと理解したいなら、連結発話はとても重要です、特にIELTSやTOEFL、TOEIC、ケンブリッジ英検のような英語試験を受けるなら。
Eh, whatever.
えー、まあいいや。
Connected speech will really help you with the listening and the speaking sections.
連結発話はリスニングとスピーキングのセクションに本当に役立ちます。
In our first series, we showed you that English is a non-rhotic accent.
最初のシリーズでは、英語は非rhoticアクセント（rを発音しないなまり）であることをお見せしました。
What does it mean?
それはどういう意味でしょう？
So a word like art, we don't pronounce the r.
だからartのような単語では、rを発音しません。
It's quite soft.
とても柔らかいんです。
Art.
アート。
In American English, it's rhotic.
アメリカ英語では、rhotic（rを発音する）です。
American English art, or car, car.
アメリカ英語のart、あるいはcar、car。
And you also learned what a schwa was.
そしてシュワーとは何かも学びました。
At the end of a word, for example, if it ends with an er, a r, o r, like teacher, we don't say teacherer.
例えば語尾がer、a r、o rで終わる場合、teacherをteachererとは言いません。
We say teacher.
teacherと言います。
Doctor, lawyer.
Doctor、lawyer。
So knowing that, you know that the R sound, we don't pronounce it much, or do we?
それを知っていれば、Rの音はあまり発音しないことが分かります、ですよね？
So let's take a word which finishes with an R sound, British accent, non-rhotic.
ではRの音で終わる単語を取り上げましょう、イギリスアクセント、非rhotic。
Here, American accent, rhotic.
Here、アメリカアクセント、rhotic。
Here, they pronounce the R.
Here、彼らはRを発音します。
So in a British accent, yep, we don't pronounce that R.
だからイギリスアクセントでは、そう、そのRは発音しません。
But if that next word begins with a vowel sound, for example, in a sentence, here and there,
でも次の単語が母音で始まる場合、例えば文の中で、here and there、
and begins with an A, that's a vowel sound.
そしてAで始まり、それは母音です。
We then have to pronounce that R to make it sound natural.
そうすると自然に聞こえるようにそのRを発音しなければなりません。
So here and there, that sounds like a robot.
だからhere and there、それはロボットのように聞こえます。
But if we pronounce that R and link it to the next vowel sound, we get here and there, here and there, here and there.
でもそのRを発音して次の母音につなげると、here and there、here and there、here and thereになります。
Say with me, here and there.
一緒に言ってみましょう、here and there。
Do you want more examples or do you want more examples?
もっと例が欲しいですか、それとももっと例が欲しいですか？
What would you prefer to be—a doctor, lawyer, or a lawyer?
どちらになりたいですか—医者、弁護士、それとも弁護士？
Your eyes are in my heart.
あなたの目は私の心の中にあります。
We are never, ever getting back together.
私たちは決して、決してヨリを戻したりしない。
Ben Affleck, a better actor is Matt Damon.
ベン・アフレック、より優れた俳優はマット・デイモン。
This is where it gets strange.
ここからが奇妙になるところです。
Not only if the last sound is an R sound, it can be if it finishes in an A or a schwa sound.
最後の音がRの音の場合だけでなく、Aやシュワーの音で終わる場合もあります。
For example, pasta.
例えば、pasta。
Pasta finishes in a schwa sound, but there's no R when you spell it.
Pastaはシュワーの音で終わりますが、綴りにはRがありません。
It's just a schwa sound.
ただのシュワーの音です。
Pasta.
Pasta。
But in a sentence, pasta and chicken.
でも文の中では、pasta and chicken。
We've got a vowel sound with A, and pasta finishes with a schwa.
Aは母音で、pastaはシュワーで終わります。
When we go from a schwa to an A, we do the same.
シュワーからAへ移るときも、同じことをします。
We connect it with an R.
それをRでつなげます。
What are you cooking?
何を作っているの？
I'm cooking pasta and chicken.
パスタとチキンを作っているよ。
Pasta and chicken.
パスタとチキン。
This process is called r-linking.
このプロセスはRリンキングと呼ばれます。
So if you've ever heard the phrase r-linking, that's what it is.
だから、Rリンキングという言葉を聞いたことがあれば、それがこれです。
An r sound isn't the only sound which invades two words together.
2つの単語を結びつける侵入音はRだけではありません。
Go away, said together.
Go away、一緒に言うと。
Go away.
Go away。
You see, there's a w sound that goes in the middle of the words.
ほら、単語の間にwの音が入るんです。
Go away.
Go away。
So when you go from o to ah, you join it with a w.
だからoからahへ行くときは、wでつなげます。
Go away.
Go away。
Another example could be in this sentence.
別の例はこの文にあります。
No, I won't.
No, I won't。
O, I, link them together.
OとI、それらをつなげます。
Again, put that w.
また、そのwを入れます。
No, why won't?
No, why won't？
No, why won't?
No, why won't？
No, I won't.
No, I won't。
No, why won't?
No, why won't？
Woop, no, I won't.
おっと、No, I won't。
Another example.
別の例。
In this sentence, we've got she finishes with an e sound.
この文では、sheはeの音で終わります。
Isn't that starts with an e?
isn't thatはeで始まりますよね？
E, e.
E、e。
How would we join that?
それをどうつなげる？
We'd have to put a yuh sound.
yuhという音を入れなければなりません。
She isn't happy.
She isn't happy。
She isn't happy.
She isn't happy。
Yuh.
Yuh。
She isn't happy.
She isn't happy。
Weird, right?
変ですよね？
How about this one?
これはどうでしょう？
E, ah, from e to ah, again yuh.
E、ah、eからahへ、またyuh。
Finishes with that e.
そのeで終わります。
We go to a vowel sound.
母音へ移ります。
T yun crumpets.
T yun crumpets。
T yun crumpets.
T yun crumpets。
T yun crumpets.
T yun crumpets。
So that's if a vowel sound ends a word, and the next word begins with a vowel sound, we link them with another sound.
つまり、母音で単語が終わり、次の単語が母音で始まる場合、別の音でつなげるということです。
But if a word finishes with a consonant sound, and the next word begins with a vowel sound, that consonant sound joins the next word.
でも、単語が子音で終わり、次の単語が母音で始まる場合、その子音が次の単語にくっつきます。
Let me give you an example.
例を挙げましょう。
Not at all.
Not at all。
If I say not at all, that doesn't sound right.
not at allと言うと、それは正しく聞こえません。
The t is a consonant.
tは子音です。
The a is a vowel.
aは母音です。
The same here.
ここも同じです。
So the T joins that next word in both cases.
つまり、どちらの場合もTは次の単語とつながります。
So not at all becomes no ta tall.
だから not at all が no ta tall のように聞こえます。
That's how it sounds.
こう聞こえるんです。
Not at all.
Not at all.
Say with me.
一緒に言ってみましょう。
Not at all.
Not at all.
Not at all.
Not at all.
Thank you.
Thank you.
Not at all.
Not at all.
How about this one?
ではこれはどうでしょう？
Pick it up.
Pick it up.
Again, k that's a consonant sound.
繰り返しますが、kは子音です。
I that's a vowel sound.
Iは母音です。
The same rule applies.
同じルールが当てはまります。
Pi ki tup.
Pi ki tup.
Pick it up.
Pick it up.
Pick it up.
Pick it up.
Pick it up.
Pick it up.
Try this sentence.
この文を試してみましょう。
Can I speak to Mr.
Can I speak to Mr.
Bunga Bunga?
Bunga Bunga?
Mr.
Mr.
Bunga Bunga.
Bunga Bunga.
He's in Italy.
He's in Italy.
He's in Italy.
He's in Italy.
Z I Z.
Z I Z.
N I N.
N I N.
He's in Italy.
He's in Italy.
He's in Italy.
He's in Italy.
A donut.
A donut.
Put it on a plate.
Put it on a plate.
For all you nerdy types, this process is called catenation.
マニアックな方のために言うと、この現象は連音と呼ばれます。
How about if one word finishes in one consonant sound, which is the same consonant sound as the next word starts with?
一つの単語が子音で終わり、次の単語が同じ子音で始まる場合はどうでしょう？
Hmm.
うーん。
For example, this sentence.
例えば、この文です。
Should I say I want to go?
Should I say I want to go?
That would sound very emphasized and a bit strange.
それだととても強調されて少し変に聞こえるでしょう。
In natural speech, if this word finishes in the same consonant sound as this one starts with, we join them together, and it doesn't sound like a double consonant.
自然な発話では、この単語がこの単語の始まりと同じ子音で終わる場合、それらをつなげて、二重子音のようには聞こえません。
I want to, want to, I want to go.
I want to、want to、I want to go.
That's how words get contracted.
こうして単語が短縮されるんです。
Want to wanna.
Want to が wanna に。
Hmm.
うーん。
You can see how it gets contracted.
どう短縮されるか分かりますね。
The same with this one.
これも同じです。
Do I look cool?
Do I look cool?
Do I look cool?
Do I look cool?
So keep those points in mind.
ですからその点を覚えておいてください。
Keep practicing, and I'll see you in the next class.
練習を続けて、次のクラスで会いましょう。
Hi.
こんにちは。
A lot of people got quite angry about the glottal T episode.
声門破裂音のTの回について、多くの人がかなり怒りました。
To practice this, get your sweet Americans call it candy.
これを練習するには、甘いもの、アメリカ人がキャンディーと呼ぶものを用意してください。
Put it the back of your tongue.
それを舌の奥に置いてください。
Imagine it's very heavy, and it weighs the back of your tongue down.
それがとても重くて、舌の奥を押し下げていると想像してください。

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